Hydrocarbon-motor.



E. E. 4WINKLEY & P.' v. HART.

HYDRO(m3130111- MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED APB. z, 190s.

.. Patented Jan. 12, v1909.

8 SHEETS-SHEET l.

AE. BQWNKLEY & F. V. HART.' HYDROARBON MOTOR. PPLIATION FILED APR. 2, 1903.

Patented Jan. 12, 1909.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

"M'Zzesses I Inward-0729 E. E. WINKLEY & F. V. ART.

HYDROGARBON MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED APB. z, 1903.

Patented Jan. 12, 1909.

|||||||| |ur|||||||| lv laf/mess@ E. E. WINK'LEY & E. V. HART.'

HYDROGARBON MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 2, 1903` Patented Jan. 12, 1909.

. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

B. E. WINKLEY I F. V HART# HYDROGARBON MOTOR. y APPLICATION FILED APR. 2, 190s.

,.QQ'QRQSI y Patented Jan. 12, 1909.

ve SHEETS-SHEET 5.

E. E. WINKLEY L F. V. HART.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR. APPLIQA'IION AFILED APR. 2, 1903.

Patented Jan.12,19o9.

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unirsi) STATES Parana ernten.. j

ERASTUS E. WINKLEY AND FRED V. HART, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO WINKLEY EN GINEERI RATION OF MAINE.

NG COMPANY, OF KITTERY, MAINE, A CORPO- HYDRocARBoN-iuo'roza.

, Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 12, Aieee.

'Application filed April 2, 1903. Serial No. 150,705'.

l'oallwz/om it may concerm- Be it-known that We, ERAsrUs E. WINK- LnY and FRED V. HART, citizens of the United States, residing at Lynn, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Motors; and We do'herebyvdeclare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention, .such as will enable others skilled in the art in continuous operation.

The object of the present invention is to produce a hydro-carbon motor which may be operated in either direction and Which may be reversed in its direction oi rotation Without excessive .shock or strain upon the v motor, Without danger of stalling, and Without being brought to a complete standstill and then started in the reverse direction by hand or by complicated auniliary mechalnvversing gearing between the motor and the driven shaft, thus avoiding,stopping the motor and then starting it by hand in the opposite direction. Four-cycle motors on the other hand .are adapted to operate in but one direction, and With this type some -form of reversing `gearing is "absolutely necessary.

According to our present invention We utilizel a premature ignition during the compression stroke to set the mot-or in operation in the opposite direction. vTo avoid excessive'shock and strain upon the motor, We first reduce the speed thereof, preferably by renderingthe ignition device inoperative, and in order to avoidfthe lpossibility of stallingl the motor We. haveY providedmeans controlled by .the speed thereof which will render the mechanism operative to oauseprea mature ignition only `When the speed has reached such a point thata premature explosion which would be suiicient to stop the motor, would certainly start it in operation Ain the reverse direction. We have 'also provided mechanism whereby the times of o'peration of the exhaust valve and of the f ignition device may be shifted for reverse rotatlon.

In' the accompanying drawings'v We have l shown our invention as embodied in a'single cylinder, vertical, fourcycle, hydro-carbon motor with suction-perated inlet valve and make andi-,break ignition device. Moreover, We have shown automatic mechanism arfranged to actuate the ignitionf'device' ab-l normally early during the? compression stroke and only When-the speed of the. Ino-' tor has fallen so low that-a;v single explosion ed to -the 'construction described and" shown `as in its broader-aspectsiit contemplates a hydro-carbon motor. having a cylinder, a piston, asha-'Ettan ignition device, and speed controlled means f combined with auxiliary mechanism whether automatic or not for ac- In additionto the advantages heretofore enumerated our improved motor possesses,

many other advantages which` will be apparent to those skilled. inthe art, and. our

invention is not limited-to amotor in Which each and every one of vthese advantagesare present as a motor possessing only. apor- -Willi stop and then.'v start the motorrin the. .opposite direction; We have also shown ausro tion of these manygadvantageswould be Within the spirit ofthe present' invention.

In the accompanying'drawings Whiclidisclose av preferred .form of` our` invention Figure 1 is'a front' elevation of arhydro-carf bon motor'provided withl our im roved rcversing mechanism, the Hy wliee g being .re moved-'5 Fig: Qcisai'side elevationw looking towardy the rightw'inFig. 1-,WhileFigs 3- is a cor-respondin Ward the left in: Fig; 1:; Fig..v litisarien-f larged front. elevationor. the reversing. yrnech side elevation looking to`-l Vpipe l0 controlled b fixed electrode 131 mounted anism with the sprocket chain 'andfspeed controlled device removed;` Fig. 5'is `a zontal section on line 5-5 Fi is an enla ed side elevation o ,the revers nig mechanism looking toward the right in Fig. 4 except that the parts are inthe positions they occupy after the direction of rotation has been reversed; Fig. 7 is a Vcorresponding elevation but fromthe opposite s1de;.Fig. 8 is a. detail showing the handactuated sleeve andthe shipping lever in po-l tuates the ignition device, while Fig. 13 is a vertical section'of thel ignition device.

Mounted to reciprocate within the cylin;v

der 1 (see Fig. 3) is the piston 2 connected by means-of the rod 3 with the crank 4 formed in the main shaft' 5 which is mountedV in'bearings 6-6 A iy wheel 7 is'prof vided as is usual with thesefinotors. The. explosive mixture is led from' a suitable ca'rbureter (not shown) through the'inlet i e 8 to thersuction-operated inletvalve 9 ofptle ordinary spring-controlled type, while the exhaust gases escape through the exhaust the. ositively opened e aust valve 11. T e coo ing Water is conducted to and away from the cylinder through the inlet pipe 12 and outlet 13 ref spectively., Y '4 The i ition device' is of tlieordinary make-an ,-break'type and .comprises a fixed and a movable electrode 131and 1,32;- The upon, but insulated from, the support or plate 14 is connected with the wire 15 -leadin to one pole of a battery (not shown) lorot er source of electricit thev wire 16 leading from the' other po e of the battery beingv attached directly to the plate 14a` suitable spark coil (not shown) being inserted in the electric circuit. The movable electrode 132 is fixed uponthe inner end .of a 'shaft 17 which is mounted to oscillate; ina bearin inthe plate 14, 'its outer' end carrying-fixe thereon i o within the cylinder; Y

y'The ignitionV device is operated 4normally by the following mechanism Fixed upon the main shaft 5 is the gear 22 meshing with c the gear 23 pinned upon the hub 24 of the 4; Fig. 6

F 12 1s a detail upon the stud` 26 secured in the support- 27 :by means of the set screw 28. Rotatably mounted upoh'thestud 29 rejecting from 'the plate or base 30 secured) ofthe cylinder by means of the screws 31 is .the sprocket Wheel 32 having ber of teeth as Vsprocket 25. chain 33 connects the sprocket wheels'and positively drives sprocket 32 at one-half the speed of the main shaftV 5, gear23 being just twice the diameter ofgear 22. Upon the upon the'wall 7o c the same nuin- A sprocketelongated hub of-sproc'ket 32 are fixed the two cam disks 34 and 35 for the ignition Y and the exhaust valve actuating devices respectively.- Eachv of these Vdisks carries two cams, one for forward rotation and the other for reverse rotation, and by means of suit- .able devices on'e cam is automatically rendered operative and v.the other inoperative when the direction of rotation ofthe motor is reversed.' The ignition device'is actuated,V during the normal operation of the motorV in one direction or the otherfby means of f the actuating lever 36 pivoted upon the stud 37 and carrying at one end the projection 38 arranged through mechanism hereinafter to be described to engage either the forward cam 39 or the' reverse cam'40 upon the diskl y34 according to -the .directionof rotation of the motor. The upper end of the lever 36 is recessed at 41 and lengages the horizontal portion 19 of the arm 18 fixed upon the electrede-carrying shaft 17 whilev 'the Vspring 42, acts normally to hold theprojection 38 against the face of the cam disk 34,

As it is often desirable to varythe point of ignition we have provided means whereby the ignition may be eiiected at an earlier or a later point in the cycle of operation, and

this is accomplished by raising or lowering the pivotal support of lever 36' in the following manner :fPi'votally mounted upon Athe stud 43 is the lever 44 carryingat one end-the stud 37 upon which the actuating lever 36 for the ignition device is supported. The other end of the lever 44 carries the hand-le 45 by means of which the lever may -be conveniently swung about its pivotal support l43 to raise or lower the stud 37 andv thus cause an earlier or a later engagement ,of the projection 38 withl the cams 39 or 40.

In order to limit the 4movement .of lever 44 'in each direction, and in order to holdi't in its adjusted position, we have provided 'the segmental plate 46 having. the -abutinents or stopsY 47 arranged to engage the linger 48 prof'ecting from the lever (see Fig. 11) and to imit the 4move ii1'ent. oi the same. The

lever is heldin its adjusted position bv i means of the spring-pressed detent 49 which is arranged f'to' enter the urecesses or depressions 491 in the plate 46.and to prevent accidental movement of the lever. vThe end ofthe detent is'conicalso that but little sprocket wheel 25 which is i'ree to rotate force is required to cause thedetent to ride sueas The meansi for actuating thev .exhaust valve consist briefly-of a pivo'ted lever, one

Aend of4 which is arranged to depress the valvespindle as the other end is raised through suitable connections-by one or the.

other of the cams upon the camdisk 35. Pivot-ally supported upon the bracket 50 on theheadfof'the cylinder ofthe motor-is. the' lever 51, oneend of which 5'2isbifurcated to straddle the spindle ofthe exhaust valve 11 upon which are mounted the collars and' 54:, the one above and theA other below the bifurcated end 52,-the spring 55 normally holding the valve Vraised or closed. Upon the stud Y'113 is pivoteda-thelever 56 carrying a cam roll 57 .which'is'arranged by means hereinafter .described to engage the cam 58 orA 59 'according to the direction of rotation of the motor.v The rod 591 provided with thp spherical ends is seated `in corresponding recesses'in the levers. 56 and 5l andl oscillates the latter .lever to'open the exhaust. valve as the. camroll 57 is raisedby one or the other of cams 58 and59.

Having-thus described the means for normally operating the motor in one direction or the other, we will now describe the manner in which the mechanism for actuating the exhaust valve and the ignition device is shifted from one set o fjcams tofthe othern whenthe directionbf rotation of the motor .j is reversed.- :'Slidingl'y mounted upon the stud4 60 projecting from the base or support Fig. 10) which isl 30 'is thesleeve 6l (see held "fr0 m rotation upon its support by.

wmean'sof'the depending arm 62 provided with the forked end' 63 which straddles the vpin 64.; VTheilsegmental plate 46 is formedintegral with the sleeve 61 'and `carries fixed therein' the stud 43 upon which the' levers 44 and 56 are pivoted see ligalll 4.The stud- 60 is suiciently long so that. thesleeve 61 may-bevl moved longitudinally thereon to bring the caml roll 57 on lever 56 and the projection 38 on lever 36 into contactwith either one of the two sets of v cams on cam disks and 34V respectively so V.that the eX- ha-ust valve and the ignition ldevice will be operated at the proper times for forward or for reverse rotation of the motor.

The sleeve 61 isshiftedupon itssupport 60 by means of' a spring-actuated.:Shipping-" lever whichfis rendered operative by speedv controlled 'mechanisxn. 1 This shipping-lever 65 is pivoted upon the stud' 66 'l projecting fromthe armor bracket 67 which is'formed integral with the base or support 30 (see 9) Theupper end ofleven65 is formed with a cyl-indrical'head 68 .which engagesu'pon each vside the stopsor abutments 6 9 upon the sleeve-f 61. `Springs 70 and.' 7l -for-actuating the shifting levervareseeured tothe sameby means of the screws 72 and are arranged to handle and causing the vbe compressed as shown in Fig. 8 by the pro- `may conveniently be rotated upon its support 75 to bring the pin into the longitudinal portion of the slot 77 when the sleeve may be shifted longitudinally and then locked in its adjusted position by depressing the pin to travel along the transverse portion of the slot.

In order to prevent the immediate shifting of the lever 65 under the action of spring 71. 'we have provided means which are arranged to engage'the'low'er end of the shifting lever and to' prevent. its turning upon its pivotal supportuntil the proper time. Pivoted upon the stud 79v iX'ed inthe base or support 30 is the sleeve 80 from which project the two arms 81 and 82. The lower end 83 of the .shipping lever 65 is offset as shown in Fig. 4 and is arranged to be engaged by the end of arm 81 upon one side or the other as shown in Fig. '5 accordingjto whether the sleeve '74 has been moved to put spring 71 or spring 70 under compression. If now the arm 81 beiraised to clear the end 83 of the shippinglever 65, the spring under com pression-will immediately swing 'the lever upon its pivotai support and ship the sleeve 6l land parts carried thereby from forward toreverse position o'r vice versa.

The arm 81 is raised by means of the coiled spring 84 at tached at one end to the arm 85 other end tothe lever86, .pivoted upon the stud 87 and provided at its upper end with the horizontal-portion 88 arranged to latch over theA upperend of arm 82 as shown in Fig. 5 and tohold both of the arms 81 and 82 depressed 4against the tension of the spring 84. 'This horizontal end 88 'of the f .lever 86 carries the pin 89 fora purpose hereinafter to be described.' vThe lower end oi' A this=lever isprovided with a rounded projection {l0-which, when the end 88 islatched over the end of arm 82 will bein position to b'e'engaged under certain conditions by .the vcam.v 91 held from rotation upon', vbut movable -lQngitudinally along,the` sleeve or hub 92 -of the s rocket "wheel 93 whichis rot. tably 'mounte -upon the stud-94 projecting from the lower end of the v"base or support 30:

1 This cam is so formed and timedv that one of Athe inclined faces thereomayactuate lever 86 at thev proper pointin 4the compression .stroke in whichever direction the -motor may be running, held normally out of the plane of the lower end of the lever 86 so that i t will not be in position to strike the projection 90 even although it is arranged to be i varranged'to engage projections 97.upon the y to strike the projection 900i. lever 86. During thenormal operation of the motor, how-- sprocket Y93 untilnally, when the predetermined speed is reached, the cam'will be` in `the other.

i 74 and a horizontal pin 102 projecting from is fixed upon the sleeve 92 of the sprocket 93 disk Aoflcam 91 acts normally to move said Y 82 and 81 so that lthe end 88 of lever 86 will sleeve 9 8 carrying the cam .91. The head 95 which Ais located 'between the sprockets 25 4and 82 and is driven by thechain 33. The spring 99 engaging at one end the shoulder' 100 on the sprocket 98V and at the other the cam away from sprocket 93 and into position ever, the weightedl arms 96 swing upon their pivots and their inner ends engage the projections upon the sleeve 98 and move' it and the vcam 91 toward the sprocket'98 againstV the action of spring 99, thus holding-the cam in inoperative position. 'After the ignition device has been rendered inoperativev and as. the speed of the motor diminishes, the cen` trifugal action also diminishes and the spring 99 will gradually move the cam away from' position to strike the projection 90 of lever. 86 when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 4 and will release arms 82 and 81, permitting the 'shipping lever 65 to oscillate to shift the ignition and exhaust 'valve actuating mechanism from one set of cams 'to .In order to rovide for conveniently re.- setting the devices so that they may be in position to shift the levers from one set of cams to the other, we have "provided a curved linger 101 projecting'from the sleeve the end of arm 82. The finger 101 is ar- I ranged to b e engaged by thev pin 102 when the arm 82 is released from lever86, thus preventing the arm :from rising so far that the horizontal end 88 oflever 86 can slip under the end ofthe arm 82, -and when in resetting the devices the handle78 is raised to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4 to bring the pin 76 into the longitudinal portion of the slot, 77, this curved linger 101 will depress`thepinf1'02 and with it the arms latch over the end of arm 82, holding both arms in their lowermost position and before sleeve '74 is shiftedV longitudinally to put spring or 71 under compression.

` We will now describe the essential feature of our invention, namely, the mechanism buenas which .is' combined 'with speed controlled meansr to zactuate the ignition device Vto re-4 j verse. thefdirection of rotation of the motor; Pivoted upon the stud' 103 fixed in .the bracket''is the-lever 104, the lower end of which is adapted to engage the pin 89 inthe .end 88 of- -lever1-f86., 'while the .upper` end. is

recessed at 105.' toreceive the'pin .106V on the. i

lower endof the 'ignition actuating lever .36. Y y

During the normal operation of the motor this lever '104 will be in the position shown in Fig. 1, permitting the lever 36 to be actuated by o 'ne'or the other-of the'v camsv 39 and.'40. 'When` however, it is desired to reverse themotor and 'the end-'88 of vlever 86 4is latched over the end-of'ar'm 82, 'the pin 89 will swing the lower end'of lever 104 ton theleft, as shown in Fig. 4, carryingthe. upper-'end to the right and moving the lower l end of lever 36 in the same direction so that.

the projection 38 will not be engaged by-one or the' other of the ignition cams. The 1g-A nition device" is thus rendered-inoperative,. -t-he electrodes being heldin Contact, but

when theV speed falls to the predetermined speed, the speed controlled mechanism moves cam 91 into positionto strike the .de ressed end of lever 86 and to oscillate sai swinging' the pin 89 to the right. 'In the motor shown in the drawingsV cam 91 is 'so timed thatA theV high part of. cam 39 is' atthis time'beneath the projection 38 s'o that' thev lever,

electrodes will not be separated. untilsleeve 61 and parts carried therebyare shipped,

when-projection 38 will drop olf the side of -cam 39 andthe charge will'beignited,

The operation of ourfimproved motor is as follews:-The motor having been started in forward rotation by hand or in any other suitable manner, the parts will occupy the positions shown` in Fig. 1, theignition device being actuated by'lever 36and cam 39 and the exhaustvalve by lever 5l actuated through suitable connections Vby cam 58. Arms 81 and82 on the sleeve 80 are intheir raised position, the end 'of arm 82 engaging'. l the upper end 88 of lever 86 and holding. the lower end 90 of said lever above the surface of cam 91.50A that no matter what the speed of the motor maybe the lever will not be engaged by the cam.' The shipping lever will be in the positionshown in F1 s. 2 and 3 with springs 70 or 71 under Slight and substantially'equal compression.A When -it is desiredv to reverse the motor all that is required is to raise the handle 78, move 1t towards the motor and then depress it.l The parts will then bein the position, shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 8, arms 81 and 82 being'held in their lowermost position-by lever 86 which has now been swung. by the spring 84 .so its end 90 will be struck by cam 91 as s' .i as the latter has been moved into proper -position by spring 99 upon the sleeve Until this happens, however, lever 104 will be held in its inclined position by thepin 89 on the end of lever 8G, the upper-end of lever 104 carrying the projection 38 on lever 36 out ot engagement with ignition Bcani 39 and permitting spring 2O to oscillate the shaft 1T to swing the movable electrode 132 into contact With the fixed electrode 131. The speed of the -motor will rapidly fall owing to non-ignition of the charges drawn into the cylinder and compressed, expanded, and then exhausted therefrom: -When the motor reaches the predeterminedspeed, cam 91 will `have been moved into proper position and will strike the end 90 of lever 86 and unlatch the upper end 88 from arm 82. The lower end 'of lever 104C being noiv free to swing to the right, it Will permit projection 38 to engage the high part of cam 39, and the electrodes will be separated to form a spark Within the cylinder the instant pro'- jection 38 drops ott1 the side of cam, 39 When the sleeve 61 is shipped. This followsclose 'upon the releasing of lever, 1'04 for as soon as the end S8 of lever 86 is swung clear of the 'top of arm 82 the latter arm Will rise as Will .arm 81 the end of which clears the 'offset endl 88 of the shipping lever 65 and shifting the times of operation oi 'the exhaust valve 'and of the ignition device to meet the new conditions of reverse rotation and establishing the complete cycle ofoperation.

Although in the specification and draw-f ings we have shown our invention as enibodied in a ouncycle hydro-carbon motor,

it is equally applicable to motors having 'a1 diiilereiit cycle of operation. Moreover, any suitable form of ignition device may. be employed as our invention in its broader aspects is not -limited to the particular' ltype disclosed. Nor is it limited to a construction in which the speed of the `motor is reduced by rendering the ignition device inoperative as .the speed may be diminishedin any other suitable or convenient 'mannen Moreover, although ive have described and shown the reversing mechanism as constructed and arranged to reverse the motorby a single premature explosion., ive do not limit ourselves to such a construction, as it is Within the spirit of our invention to cause one or more retarding explosions before the reversing explosion, speed-controlled mechanism being combined with the actuating mechanism for the ignition device so that the first explosion shall occur. at such a speed that when the last 4takes place reversal follows Without fail. liurthermore, our invention is not rcstricted vto automatic mechanism for actuating the ignition device when the speed of the motor reaches the predetermined speed, except Where so specified in the claims, as ourinvention in its broader aspects contemplates a constructionl in which the igni-v tion device may beoperated by laand but only after the speed of the motor has reached the predetermined speed. Nor'do We linut ourselves to a construction in Which the times ot'loperation of the ignition device and of the exhaust valve are automatically shifted, as itis Within the spirit of our invention to construct a motor in Which 'this shifting is produced manually' immediately at or about the time of the reversing explosion.

Having thus described our invention andD its mode of operation what We claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition device, means for actuating said device for forward and reverse rotation of the motor, mechanism vfor shifting the time of operation of said means for reverse rotation of the motor, and speed controlled means for rendering said mechanism operative, substantially as described.

. 2. A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition device, means `for actuating said device for forward and reverse rotation of the motor, and s eed controlled means for actuating the ignition device during a compression stroke to reverse the direction of rotation of the motor'and for shifting the time of operation of said device for reverse rotation, substantially as described.

; 3. A hydrocarbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition device, means for normally actuatin the ignition device, and auxiliary mechanism controlled by the speedv of the motor for actuating the ignition device during a compression stroke to reverse the direction of rotation of the motor, substantially as described.

4. A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition'device,

means for normally actuating thel ignition device, -and automatic auxiliary mechanism controlled by the speed of the motor for acti-1- ating the ignition device during a compression stroke to reverse the direction of rotation of the motor, substantially as described,

5; A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, shaft, an -ignition device, means :tor normally actuatingthe ignition device and auxiliary mechanism for actuating lthe ignition device during a compression stroke to reverse the direction of rotation'of.

the' motor, substantially as'described.

6. A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition device,

means for normally actuating the ignition device and automatic auxiliary mechanism.

to actuated mechanism for Vshifting the 'time of operation of the ignition device for reverse rotation of the motor, substantially vas de- 8. A hydro-carbon motor, having der, a piston, a shaft, -ani means for actuating.said actuated mechanisn'i for shifting the time of operation of the ignition device for reverse` rotation ofthe motor, -a detent for said mechanism, and-means for releasing the detent, substantially as described. 9. A hydro-carbon motor having a- 'cylinder, a iston, a shaft, an ignition device,

means fbi normally actuatin the ignition device during the forward an l.reverse rotation of the motor, and a speed-controlled auxiliaryy cam for controlling the actuation ofthe ignition device during s. compression 'stroke to'reverse the the motor. i v10. A hydro-carbon motor having a cylin-V der, a'piston, a shaft, an ignition device,

means or -normally actuating the ignition device duringthe forward and reverse rotation of the motor, a detent and speed-con- 'tion device,

trolled means for releasing the detent during -the compressionstroke to cause the actuation of the i 'tion device, whereby the direction of rotation of the motor isreversed.

11. 'A hydrocarbon motor, havingV a cylinder, a piston, ashaft, anign'ition deV vice, means for normally actuating the same for forward and reverse rotation,

controlled auxiliarylmechanism for shifting the time of operation of said means and for actuatin as descri ed. 12. `Av hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, -a piston, a shaft, an ignition device comprising YJtwo electrodes arranged to be brought into contact and then to be separated at the roper time to ignite the charge .in the cylin er, and means for maintaining' the electrodes in contact at the proper time to render the ignition device inoperative to ignite the charge, substantially as described. 13. A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition device comprising two electrodes arranged to be thrown into and out of contact, a lever for actuating said device, a cam, means for holding the lever out of engagement with the cam to maintain the electrodes in contact to render the ignition device inoperative, and mechanism for releasing the lever evice,V ls ringdirection of rotationof and speed the ignition device, substantially to render the ignition device 14. Av hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, a valve, means for actuating theV valve for forward and re- 70 verse rotation of themotor, mechanism for shifting: the time ofoperation of said means forjreverse igotationof the motor, and 'speed controlled lmeans for rendering said niech. anism' operative, substantially as'described. 75;

15. A hydro-carbon motor, 'l having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition device, a valve, means 'for actuating said device and 'said valve for forward and reverse rotation, mechanism for shifting the times of operation of said means for reverse rota# tion of the motor, yand speed controlled means` for rendering said vmechanism o'perafV tive, substantially as described.

16. A. hydro-carbon motor, having a 85 cylinder, apiston, a shaft, a valve, means for actuating the valve forforward and reverse rotation, and speed controlledmeansY for shifting the time of operation of the valve for reverse rotation ofthe motor, snb- Y stantially as described.

17. I.A hydro-carbon motor, having. a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition device, a' valve, means for actuating said device and said valve for forward and reverse '95 rotation of the motor, and speed controlled means for shifting the times of operation of the said vmeans for reverse rotation of the motor, substantially as described. 118, A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition device, a valve, means for reducing the' speed of the motor, and mechanism operating automatically when the speed of the motor falls to the predetermined speed to actuate, 105 the ignition device during a compression stroke to reversethe direction of rotation of the motor and .to shift the times of operation of the ignition device andthe valve for reverse rotation, substantially as described.

19. A hydro-carbon motor, havin a cylinder, a piston, asha'ft,fan ignition evice, a valve, means for .rendering the ignition device inoperative to reduce the speed of the motor, and speedcontrolled mechanism for actuating the ignition device during a compression stroke to reverse the direction of rotation of the motor and for 4shifting the times of operation of the ignition device and the valve forreverse rotation of the motor, substantially as described.`

20. A hydro-carbon motor, having a cyl; inder, a piston, a shaft, an i 'tion device, an exhaust valve,` forward annil'everse cams for actuating said device and said valve for Yforward and for reverse rotation lof the motor, a cam lever for actuating the ignition .deviceya cam lever for actuating the exhaust valve, common supporting means for said 1evers, and mechanism for moving said means to shift the cam levers from one set `of cams to the other, substantially as described, 21. A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, a valvey means for the valve for reverse rotation of the motor,

a detent for said mechanism, and means for releasing the detent, substantially as described.

23. A hydro-carbon-motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, an ignition device,-

means for actuating the ignition device, a valve, means for actuating the valve, automatic mechanism Afor actuating the ignition device to reverse the direction of rotation of theA motor and forshifting the times of operation of said device and of said valve for reverse rotation, and a single hand-actuated device for rendering said mechanism operative, substantially as described.l

24. A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a' piston, a shaft, an ignition device, a valve, a shipping member for shifting the times of operation of the ignition device and the valve for reverse rotation, a spring for actuating said member, a detent for the ship'- ping member, a single hand-actuated device for moving the detent into operative position and for 'compressing the spring, and mechanism for releasing the detent, substantially as described.

25. A hydro-carbon motor, having a cylinder, a piston, a-shaft, an ignition device, a valve, a spring-actuated shipping device for shifting the times of operation of the ignition device and of the valve, a detent for the shipping device, an ignition lever for rendering the ignition device inoperative, a latch lever for actuating the ignition lever and lfor holding said lever and the detent in their'respective operative positions, handactuated means 4for moving the detent into operative position to permit the-latch lever to actuate the ignition lever, and mechanism for operatingthe latch' lever to release the detent, substantially as described.

26. A hydro-carbon motor having a cylinder, a piston, a shaft, means for normally producing power impulses in the cylinder during 'the normal operation of the motor`- in forward and reverse direction, and auXiliary mechanism controlled bythe speed of the motor for producing a power impulse during the compression stroke of the piston to reverse the direction of actuation of the In testimony whereof We atx our signa- 

